Santa Ana Winds free essay sample

Weather can affect people’s behavior, positively and negatively. When the weather is nice and hot, it affects people positively by encouraging them to enjoy the outdoors, however, when the weather is bad, like when a hurricane hits this effects people negatively by worrying. Similarly, in the essay â€Å"Santa Ana Winds†, by Joan Dideon, the winds are so abrasive and obstructive that it engenders people to actually commit suicide. This occurs in Los Angeles. Even though Dideon provides a scientific explanation for the soft winds, she characterise hem as evil by showing their effects on people and on the environment. Dideon characterizes and demonstrates the winds as evil. She explains that the winds have an effect on people, making them act unusual. â€Å"Indians would throw themselves into the sea when the bad wind blew† Dideon is describing how the winds would permit people to actually commit suicide. The winds would create such a violent disturbance that townsmen would not even want to deal with such a thing, they would just kill themselves. We will write a custom essay sample on Santa Ana Winds or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The horrifying winds would also create paranoia in people. â€Å"Her husband roamed the place with a machete† This man thought there were trespassers and rattlesnakes roaming his yard. His obvious beliefs were due to scare. Dideon not only demonstrates the wind having an effect on people, but also the environment. Having a harsh effect on the hills and Route 66. A hot wind from the northeast whining down through the Cajon and San Gorgonio Passes, blowing up sandstorms out along route 66, drying the hills† Here, Dideon is explaining how the winds create sandstorms along route 66 and the hills are drying up. This not only affects the hills and highways, but in the long run will effect global warming, and drying out farms and hills will eventually create a drought. This leads to many other effects on the environment. The Santa Ana Winds effect the environment in more than one way. â€Å"For a few days now, we will see smoke back in the canyons†. Dideon is signifying wildfires occurring on the canyons. With this wildfire, not only will this wildfire burn down tree’s, but will also spread around disease. The Santa Ana Winds have many effects on the environment and people, when it is a nice, hot and a sunny day, people become encouraged to get out and spend time with their family. However, when a hurricane blows in, it creates many disturbing things, such as paranoia, droughts and wildfires. It is important to be alert and recognize the warning signs of dreadful things yet to come. Otherwise, anyone can get trapped in the middle of a storm.

Free Essays on Acid Rain

One of the main causes of acid rain is sulfur dioxide. Natural sources, which emit this gas, are Volcanoes, sea spray, rotting vegetation and plankton. However, the burning of fossil fuels, such as Coal and oil, are largely to be blamed for approximately half of the emissions of this gas in the world. When sulfur dioxide reaches the atmosphere, it oxidizes to first form a sulfate ion. It then becomes sulfuric acid as it joins with hydrogen atoms in the air and falls back down to earth. Oxidation occurs the most in clouds and especially in heavily polluted air where other compounds such as ammonia and the ozone help to catalyze the reaction, changing more sulfur dioxide to sulfuric acid. The following pages will show the effects of acid rain on: Trees and Soils, Lakes and Aquatic Systems, Materials, Atmosphere, Architecture and Humans. One of the most serious impacts of acid precipitation is on forests and soils. Great damage is done when sulfuric acid falls onto the earth as rain. Nutrients present in the soils are washed away. Aluminum also present in the soil is freed and the roots of trees absorb this toxic element. Thus, the trees are starved to death as they are deprived of their vital nutrients such as calcium and magnesium. Not the entire sulphur dioxide is converted to sulfuric acid. In fact, a substantial amount can float into the atmosphere, move over to another area and return to the soils unconverted. As this gas returns to earth, it clogs up the stomata in the leaves, thus hindering photosynthesis. Research has been made where red spruce seedlings were sprayed with different combinations of sulfuric and nitric acid of pH ranging from 2.5 to 4.5. The needles of these seedlings were observed to develop brown lesions. Eventually, the needles fall off. It was also found that new needles grew more slowly at higher concentrations of acid used. Because the rate at which the needles were falling was greater than the rate at whic... Free Essays on Acid Rain Free Essays on Acid Rain Acid Rain Imagine that you are dying, simply because you ate a fish. This death is a result of acid rain. Acid rain is a silent murder in today’s ecosystems. The effects of acid rain on the ecosystem can be deadly. Acid rain is all the rain, snow, mist that falls from the sky onto our planet that contains an unnatural low pH level. It is not to be confused with uncontaminated rain that falls, for that rain is naturally slightly acidic. This acid rain is a product of today’s industry. When products are manufactured, many chemicals are used to create it. However, because of the difficulty and cost of properly disposing these products, they are often emitted into the atmosphere with little or no treatment. The term was first considered to be important about twenty years ago when scientists in Sweden and Norway first believed that acid rain may be causing great ecological damage to the planet. By the time the scientist found the problem, it was already very large. Detecting an acidic lake is often quite difficult. A lake does not become acidic over night. It happens over a period of many years, some times even decades. The changes are usually too gradual to be noticed early on. At the beginning of the 20th century most rivers and lakes, like the river Tovdal in Norway, had not yet begun to die. By 1926, local inspectors began to notice that many of the lakes were beginning to show signs of serious problems. Fish were found dead along many river banks. As winter’s ice began to melt, hundreds upon hundreds of dead fish (trout in particular) were found. It was at this time that scientist, began to search for the reason. As the scientists continued to work, they found many piles of dead fish, up to 5,000 in one pile. Divers were sent in to examine the bottom of the rivers. They found many more dead fish. Many live and dead specimens were taken back to numerous labs across Norway. When the live specimens were examined they were found t... Free Essays on Acid Rain One of the main causes of acid rain is sulfur dioxide. Natural sources, which emit this gas, are Volcanoes, sea spray, rotting vegetation and plankton. However, the burning of fossil fuels, such as Coal and oil, are largely to be blamed for approximately half of the emissions of this gas in the world. When sulfur dioxide reaches the atmosphere, it oxidizes to first form a sulfate ion. It then becomes sulfuric acid as it joins with hydrogen atoms in the air and falls back down to earth. Oxidation occurs the most in clouds and especially in heavily polluted air where other compounds such as ammonia and the ozone help to catalyze the reaction, changing more sulfur dioxide to sulfuric acid. The following pages will show the effects of acid rain on: Trees and Soils, Lakes and Aquatic Systems, Materials, Atmosphere, Architecture and Humans. One of the most serious impacts of acid precipitation is on forests and soils. Great damage is done when sulfuric acid falls onto the earth as rain. Nutrients present in the soils are washed away. Aluminum also present in the soil is freed and the roots of trees absorb this toxic element. Thus, the trees are starved to death as they are deprived of their vital nutrients such as calcium and magnesium. Not the entire sulphur dioxide is converted to sulfuric acid. In fact, a substantial amount can float into the atmosphere, move over to another area and return to the soils unconverted. As this gas returns to earth, it clogs up the stomata in the leaves, thus hindering photosynthesis. Research has been made where red spruce seedlings were sprayed with different combinations of sulfuric and nitric acid of pH ranging from 2.5 to 4.5. The needles of these seedlings were observed to develop brown lesions. Eventually, the needles fall off. It was also found that new needles grew more slowly at higher concentrations of acid used. Because the rate at which the needles were falling was greater than the rate at whic... Free Essays on Acid Rain What is acid rain? Acid rain is the term for pollution caused when sulfur and nitrogen dioxides combine with atmospheric moisture. The term 'acid rain' is slightly misleading, and would be more accurate if deemed 'enhanced acid rain', as rain occurs acidic naturally. Acidity is measured on what is know as the pH scale. Fourteen is the most basic, seven is the most neutral, and zero is the most acidic. Pure rain has a pH level of 7, which is exactly neutral. The acidity of rain is determined by the pH of pure water in reaction with atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide, resulting in carbonic acid. These particles partly dissociate to produce hydrogen ions and bicarbonate ions. A bicarbonate atom is an ion formed by one hydrogen atom, one carbon at atom, and three oxygen atoms, and is very effective in natural waters at neutralizing hydrogen ions and reducing acidity. The dissociation results in the natural acidity of pure rain, which is moderately acidic at a pH of 5.7. Rain le ss than 5.7 is considered 'acid rain', meaning it has reacted with acidic atmospheric gases other than carbon dioxide, such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide. Sulfur dioxide is produced by electric utilities, industrial, commercial and residential heating, smelters, diesel engines and marine and rail transport, which creates sulfuric acid in rain. Nitrogen dioxide will also react with the rain, caused largely by transportation (cars, trucks, planes, etc.) and electric utilities, producing nitric acid. There is a certain degree of naturally occurring acidity in rain water. This acid is from reaction with alkaline chemicals, found in soils, lakes and stream, and can occasionally occur when a volcano erupts as well. Bacterial action in soils and degasing from oceanic plankton also contribute to the acidity found in rain. More than 90% of the sulfur and 95% of the nitrogen emissions which occur in North America are due to the pollution created by humans.1 H... Free Essays on Acid Rain Acid rain is a great problem in our world. It causes fish and plants to die in our waters. As well it causes harm to our own race as well, because we eat these fish, drink this water and eat these plants. It is a problem that we must all face together and try to get rid of. However acid rain on it's own is not the biggest problem. It cause many other problems such as aluminum poisoning. Acid Rain is deadly. WHAT IS ACID RAIN? Acid rain is all the rain, snow, mist etc that falls from the sky onto our planet that contains an unnatural acidic. It is not to be confused with uncontaminated rain that falls, for that rain is naturally slightly acidic. It is caused by today's industry. When products are manufactured many chemicals are used to create it. However because of the difficulty and cost of properly disposing of these products they are often emitted into the atmosphere with little or no treatment. The term was first considered to be important about 20 years ago when scientists in Swe den and Norway first believed that acidic rain may be causing great ecological damage to the planet. The problem was that by the time that the scientist found the problem it was already very large. Detecting an acid lake is often quite difficult. A lake does not become acid over night. It happens over a period of many years, some times decades. The changes are usually to gradual for them to be noticed early. At the beginning of the 20th century most rivers/lakes like the river Tovdal in Norway had not yet begun to die. However by 1926 local inspectors were noticing that many of the lakes were beginning to show signs of death. Fish were found dead along the banks of many rivers. As the winters ice began to melt off more and more hundreds upon hundreds more dead fish (trout in particular) were being found. It was at this time that scientist began to search for the reason. As the scientists continued to work they found many piles of dead fish, up to 5000 in one... Free Essays on Acid Rain Acid Rain Acid rain is a serious problem with disastrous effects. Each day this serious problem increases, many people believe that this issue is too small to deal with right now this issue should be met head on and solved before it is too late. In the following paragraphs I will be discussing the impact has on the wildlife and how our atmosphere is being destroyed by acid rain. Acid rain is a cancer eating into the face of Eastern Canada and the North Eastern United States. In Canada, the main sulphuric acid sources are non-ferrous smelters and power generation. On both sides of the border, cars and trucks are the main sources for nitric acid(about 40% of the total), while power generating plants and industrial commercial and residential fuel combustion together contribute most of the rest. In the air, the sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides can be transformed into sulphuric acid and nitric acid, and air current can send them thousands of kilometres from the source .When the acids fall to the earth in any form it will have large impact on the growth or the preservation of certain wildlife. Areas in Ontario mainly southern regions that are near the Great Lakes, such substances as limestone or other known antacids can neutralize acids entering the body of water thereby protecting it. However, large areas of Ontario that are near the Pre-Cambrian Shield, with quartzite or granite based geology and little top soil, there is not enough buffering capacity to neutralize even small amounts of acid falling on the soil and the lakes. Therefore over time, the basic environment shifts from an alkaline to a acidic one. This is why many lakes in the Muskoka, Haliburton, Algonquin, Parry Sound and Manitoulin districts could lose their fisheries if sulphur emissions are not reduced substantially. The average mean of pH rainfall in Ontario's Muskoka-Haliburton lake country ranges between 3.95 an... Free Essays on Acid Rain Acid Rain INTRODUCTION: Acid rain is a great problem in our world. It causes fish and plants to die in our waters. As well it causes harm to our own race as well, because we eat these fish, drink this water and eat these plants. It is a problem that we must all face together and try to get rid of. However acid rain on it's own is not the biggest problem. It cause many other problems such as aluminum poisoning. Acid Rain is deadly. WHAT IS ACID RAIN? Acid rain is all the rain, snow, mist etc that falls from the sky onto our planet that contains an unnatural acidic. It is not to be confused with uncontaminated rain that falls, for that rain is naturally slightly acidic. It is caused by today's industry. When products are manufactured many chemicals are used to create it. However because of the difficulty and cost of properly disposing of these products they are often emitted into the atmosphere with little or no treatment. The term was first considered to be important about 20 years ago when scientists in Sweden and Norway first believed that acidic rain may be causing great ecological damage to the planet. The problem was that by the time that the scientist found the problem it was already very large. Detecting an acid lake is often quite difficult. A lake does not become acid over night. It happens over a period of many years, some times decades. The changes are usually to gradual for them to be noticed early. At the beginning of the 20th century most rivers/lakes like the river Tovdal in Norway had not yet begun to die. However by 1926 local inspectors were noticing that many of the lakes were beginning to show signs of death. Fish were found dead along the banks of many rivers. As the winters ice began to melt off more and more hundreds upon hundreds more dead fish (trout in particular) were being found. It was at this time that scientist began to search for the reason. As the scientists continued to work they found many... Free Essays on Acid Rain Acid rain is one of the most dangerous and widespread forms of pollution. Sometimes called "the unseen plague," acid rain can go undetected in an area for years. Technically, acid rain is rain that has a larger amount of acid in it than what is normal. The acidity of rain in parts of Europe and North America has dramatically increased over the past few decades. It is now common in many places for rain to be ten to seventy times more acidic than unpolluted rain. Many living and non-living systems become harmed and damaged, because of acid rain. This article gives an informational, in-depth look at acid rainits causes and effects; and solutions to the acid rain problem. Smoke and gases, given off by factories, cars, and other polluters that run on fossil fuels, cause acid rain. When these fuels are burned to produce energy, the sulfur that is present in the fuel combines with oxygen and becomes sulfur dioxide; some of the nitrogen in the air becomes nitrogen oxide. These pollutants go into the atmosphere, and become acid. Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide are produced especially when coal is burnt for fuel. Burning coal produces electricity, the more electricity people use, and the more coal is burnt. Of course, nowadays people probably could not live without electricity, so coal will continue to be burnt; but electricity and energy are constantly being overused. Think of it this way: every time we turn on a light switch or the television set without really needing to, we are indirectly contributing to the acid rain problem. Automobiles produce nitrogen oxides (which cause acid rain), so every time we do not carpool when we can, we are helpi ng to cause acid rain. Therefore, now that we know what causes acid rain, here a look at how acid rain can hurt you and the world around you? Acid rain is an extremely destructive form of pollution, and the environment suffers from its effects. Forests, lakes, animals, and plant... Free Essays on Acid Rain Acid Rain First of all I’d like to start off with some thoughts on acid rain. Acid rain is a serious problem with disastrous effects. Each day this serious problem increases, many people believe that this issue is too small to deal with right now but I believe this issue should be met head on and solved before it is too late. In the following paragraphs I will be discussing the impact that acid rain has on the wildlife and how it is destroying the atmosphere. Now I will explain the causes of acid rain. Acid rain is a cancer eating into the face of eastern Canada and North Eastern United States. In Canada, the main sulfuric acid sources are non-ferrous smelters and power generation. On both sides of the border, cars and trucks are in the main sources for nitric acid (about 40% of the total), while power generating plants and industrial commercial and residential fuel combustion together contribute most of the rest. In the air, the Sulfur dioxide and Nitrogen oxides can be transformed into sulfuric acid and nitric acid, and air current can send them thousands of kilometers from the source. When the acids fall to the earth in any form it will have a large impact on the growth or the preservation of certain wildlife. There are many areas that just don’t have any defense against acid rain. In areas like Ontario or mainly the southern regions that are near the Great Lakes, contain substances like limestone or other known antacids entering the body of water thereby protecting it. However, large areas of Ontario that are near the Precambrian Shield, with quartzite or granite based geology and little top soil, there is not enough buffering capacity to neutralize even small amounts of acid falling on the soil and the lakes. Therefore overtime, the basic environment shifts from an alkaline to an acidic one. This is why many lakes in the Muskoka, Haliburton, Algonquin, parry sound and Manitoulin districts could lose their fisheries if Sul...

Adolf Hitler And The Nazi Party History Essay

Adolf Hitler And The Nazi Party History Essay Adolf Hitler and the Nazi party wholeheartedly believed that by applying a selective breeding scheme encouraged by social Darwinism, that the human genome could be greatly improved – similar to applying this notion towards breeding superior strains of dog and cattle as seen today. Although it is may be difficult to comprehend the true nature to why Hitler formulated and articulated the ideas of racial policies, in which is now commonly referred to as Nazi ideology; it is widely acceptable that Hitler and the Nazi’s developed and implemented such doctrines in order to protect what they believed to be ‘the superior race’. However, this foolishness resulted in the ‘final solution’, it justified the genocide of approximately â€Å"11 million European Jews†Ã‚   [ 1 ]   in which the Nazi’s judged as ‘the inferior race’. Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution, coined the survival of the fittest was observed and appli ed to the diversity and complexity of life on earth. However, Hitler crudely manipulated this concept in order to protect and encourage the breeding of the Aryan ‘master race’   [ 2 ]   . The Nazi party â€Å"†¦went further, convincing themselves that, as mankind had become the dominant species through strengthening the features that distinguish humans from lesser beings and handing them down to succeeding generations, so it would be possible to enhance the race by deliberately choosing to breed from men and women whose qualities you wanted to see preserved. The corollary was the suppression, by extermination or enslavement, of people whose undesirable characteristics would pollute the mix†Ã‚   [ 3 ]   . This entailed preventing those perceived as the ‘inferior race’ from assimilating with those believed as superior or Aryan, gifted above all other races – thus effectively reducing the contamination of their gene pool. The notion wa s justified as it was seen to be employing ‘the laws of nature’, as outlined by Hitler in his political autobiography, Mein Kampf or translated to ‘My Struggle’ in which he stated that through the evolution of life, natural selection favoured the breeding of superior organisms and subsequently races. â€Å"No more than Nature desires the mating of weaker with stronger individuals, even less does she desire the blending of a higher with a lower race, since, if she did, her whole work of higher breeding, over perhaps, hundreds of thousands of years, night be ruined with one blow†Ã‚   [ 4 ]   . As such, Hitler who came to power in 1933, by this time he had been undoubtedly convinced that he had found the solution for a better future for the Aryan race as he believed that a person’s characteristics, attitudes, abilities, and behaviour were determined by his or her so-called racial makeup†Ã‚   [ 5 ]   and thus also determined whether or n ot their loyalties lied with Germany. Therefore by intermingling with those believed to be of inferiority; Hitler and the Nazi’s viewed this as the dilution of ideal characteristics and the inconceivable distribution of poisonous genes, with dire consequences to those judged superior. â€Å"à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦he will remain the master as long as he does not fall a victim to defilement of the blood. The result of all racial crossing is therefore in brief always the following:

Analysis of the American Cancer Society and General Motor Company Ltd Essay

Analysis of the American Cancer Society and General Motor Company Ltd - Essay Example   The American Cancer Society is mainly funded by donors, including the World Bank and various support groups. The World Bank is the society’s largest funder. The society also receives funds from the services that they offer to the cancer patients (Epstein, 2011). Other sources of funding for ACS include investment income, grants, and contributions from well-wishers. The operations of the organization are mainly run through volunteers drawn from all over the United States of America (American Cancer Society, 2011). The ACS is exempt from the taxpayer status, Form 990 of the year 2009 that the Society is a 501 (c) (3) organization which exempt from any tax obligations to the state. This status was granted in 2009 (American Cancer Society, 2011). Ethical issue The ACS, like all other organizations faces various challenges. One of the greatest challenges affecting ACS is self-interest. Investigations conducted on the ACS reveal that the Society has previously shown more interes t in profits than on cancer prevention. In 2005 the ACS estimated that at least 1.37 million new cases of cancer were diagnosed. However, it is alleged that instead of intensifying research on new methods for preventing and combating cancer, the Society focused more on profiting from cancer grants (Isaacs, 2010). For example, an Occupy Wall Street report alleges that the ACS has put a greater financial emphasis on radiation and chemotherapy research than on life-saving prevention methods. ACS faces allegations citing that has focused largely on conventional medication techniques for treating cancer instead of preventive techniques. The accusations also include discrediting physician research on cancer preventive techniques. As such the society is unethical for trying to make money out of the large numbers of cancer patients through chemotherapy and radiotherapy, which are considered unhealthy (Epstein, 2011). Causes One of the greatest causes of this situation stems from the ACSâ₠¬â„¢s culture of working with various stakeholders and particularly giving greater consideration to the views of the organization’s financial supporters (Epstein, 2011). The Society’s financial ties with the drug industry have skewed its policies regarding the environmental causes of cancer and the best approaches to managing it. This interest makes the fight against cancer difficult and has been linked to the increase in cancer deaths and incidences as sufficient preventive strategies have not been put in place because many drug companies discourage it (Isaacs, 2010). While the drug industry wants to make money selling therapeutic drugs and equipment, the ACS wishes to continue benefitting from the considerable financial support it gets from the organizations as well as profits from patient treatments. The other likely cause for the American Cancer Society’s preference for therapeutic methods is that cancer research is quite costly, especially research for prev entive techniques. The organization seems to endorse both chemotherapy and radiotherapy techniques because they are a cheaper alternative in terms of research costs. A lot of research findings justifying the methods have already been provided both by the ACS and many drug companies.  Ã‚  

Robin Hood Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Robin Hood - Case Study Example As the size of the band started growing, they had to increase the supply of food for each of his men. It was exceeding the food capacity of his band. Second issue that bothered Robin was that, with increasing men in his band, it was becoming difficult for him to maintain the discipline. He was thinking of changing the way of his policies in order to maintain the order of his band. The best way to do it would be to stop confiscating the goods from the rich and rather imply a transit tax for each of the person crossing from there woods. He has to get things more organized, because he was aware of the fact that the sheriff was becoming more and more organized gradually. This was threatening for Robin and his band men. So using a fixed transit was the best option rather than killing the sheriff or being a part of Barons in order to topple the king, because there was no assurance that they succeed in their plan. In case they did not, then the King will get back to everyone and all these p reparations would go in

Employee Satisfaction and Customer Satisfaction Essay Example for Free

Employee Satisfaction and Customer Satisfaction Essay This thesis will be based on my current and previous practical experience combined with the theoretical basis that I have acquired through the modules on Academy business school. I have 8 years of management experience in retail, but in the last 3 years being employed as a personal assistant for my son who was born with a physical disability. 1 October 2012 I have been employed part-time as a sales assistant in the newly opened shoe Tops, located in Aalborg Mall. My point of view in this project will be from the perspective of the owner / management since my prerequisites for this are realistic and that in the future I have ambitions again to get a job at this level. Presentation of TOPS in Aalborg Shopping Eurosko a purchasing cooperative consisting of independent skohandlere working together on purchasing and marketing. These skohandlerer operated under the name TOPS. This cooperation is intended to give members a better overall economy to meet the increasing competition in the retail industry. The shops sells private labels and various brands of Danish suppliers. TOPS products are designed for the average consumer, and the target audience is the whole family. Product labels within private labels are as follows: Ralf Boston, Taxi, Adi, Mary B and Between. The new Tops store in Aalborg shopping center is located in the new extension which has the name Nygade (pink street). This street connects the input A (main entrance at the grocery store) and input B (input opposite Steak Jensen / Nibevej). Shoe store TOPS is funded by Thorkild Hansen, who every day is trade able boss in Aars. It is his daughter Camilla Hansen, store manager / owner of the new store. They both have a history from the hardware store industry. In the shop there is employed a sales manager, a full-time sales assistant and one part-time sales assistant. You are aware that you have to have some hourly paid sales assistants to cover crooked hours. However, one would first look for the urgent need before hiring more. The store is located in North Jutland most attractive retail area in the city south of Aalborg. The competition here is tremendous, from German Deichmann to skokà ¦derne Skoringen and PAW SHOES. Grocery store is also a major competitor, while the overall industry slippage, as retailers fierce competition is to blame in. The hard struggle with the center of Aalborg has been going on ever since opening in 1997, and its just a matter of time before one can proclaim City South and Aalborg Shopping Center as the victor. City Southern and Aalborg Shopping Center is marketplace for all over Gauteng. The clients who come to Aalborg Mall comes with the purpose to spend money. Unlike customers in the city center, where there are many shoppers. Problem Argumentation In a store like TOPS in Aalborg shopping center, there are many challenges for Camilla Hansen. Problem of the project will be based on one of the issues that are most central to the management, namely the motivation of the staff. Why is it such an important issue? One of the things that can explain the motivation question is the aforementioned competition as TOPS face. Is the sales staff not motivated to provide the best service when they meet customers, customers needs are met in one of the competing shoe stores. There are also other elements such as indirect challenge my question about motivation. These I will elaborate on below. The increasing competition in the retail and policies have been elements in the environment that have helped to pave the way for the long opening hours. This development is currently further escalated with the abolition of the Shops Act 1 October 2012. Another challenge is the union HP, which puts pressure on employers to their employees come to work under some decent conditions, with regard to working hours. At the same time include the cost structure in the retail industry, where labor costs and rent are the greatest. Since the wage cost is the only one who in a short time can be changed, it is here, it is very focused. Rationalisation and maximum benefits of the employees are daily challenge in retail. It obviously has not done better after the financial crisis in 2008. The demand for goods has fallen / stagnated and the demand there is, is not the same as before. At the same time discount concepts in many cases prospered due to the crisis. In the wake of these above mentioned elements have TOPS a need for the core of employees who are employed must be highly effective. Performance would with store personnel must be high, even in the long run. Therefore, it is important to achieve a sustained high staff motivation in TOPS. I therefore think it appropriate to make visible how the job should be structured so as to achieve a high intrinsic motivation of the employees. However, one must create a culture that supports the motivation. Succeeded this, then the employees will eventually provide the same high level. Problem Formulation It is a challenge for management that structures the right job design for the team in the shop, so to create a sustained high level of motivation. This will form the basis for the desired high level of performance. I therefore do the following: Explain the job characteristics model, in relation to the employees of Tops in Aalborg Mall. Provide an analysis of the elements to create a high MPS. Find out what basic assumptions that support a high MPS. Make suggestions for how to achieve sustained high MPS. The method Science Theoretical approach The knowledge / theory which I create in the project is based on social constructionism. My new preconception will therefore be formed by the auto poetry system for which the employee is in TOPS. The way in which the theory is formed on the deductive because my curiosity is based on a theoretical model and problem formulation. The method is the hermeneutical spiral, as my practical / theoretical presuppositions will be further developed through a qualitative method (depth interviews). This illustrates thanks to my depth interviews. First I ask my questions, then I ask detailed questions to their answers. This forms a new pre-understanding, which in turn contributes to a deeper level of understanding. This truth can be characterized as being causal explanatory. This provides functional explanations are operationalized through the quantitative method (questionnaire). Thus, I see the questionnaire as a hypothetical method. The hermeneutic process are processed through circular thinking. This theoretical system finally my deeper level of understanding will be provided by exploring patterns of attitudes of the individuals in TOPS. My interest is to see how employees and management mutually influence each other. This I find out each actors share in relation to the questions that my problem formulation contains. Selection of theory: Motivation Theory Motivation Theory is a very broad theoretical area. The models describe the area very differently from simple to concrete and detailed. Overall divided motivation theory for the following two areas: Process Theories Content Theories Process theories are based on the differences that applies to the employees behavior. The theory describes elements to be addressed in order to get employees to acquire a certain behavior. Content theory concentrates on the needs of the employee and that the behavior is the same from person to person. Need fulfillment creates the motivation that causes the employee to perform a particular behavior (Major intrinsic motivation = better sales performance). I have decided that my topic motivation must be based on job characteristics model, which is made by Hackman and Oldham. I do so because it is necessary to take into account the differences in employee behavior. Otherwise, I would not in practice distinguish between kinds of different factors that motivate employees to TOPS. So they just had the same external and internal work environment, to be equally motivated in their work. The theory will form the basis for the solution of the projects problem. At the same time it will be my starting point, to account for the motivation of employees through job design. Job characteristics model is to provide a common understanding of my explanation of how to design the job so that employees acquire the particular behavior (Major intrinsic motivation = better sales performance). Hackman and Oldham job characteristics model This thesis will be based on the version of the book Motivation is written by Helle Hein. This issue compared to the textbook is that there are some minor differences in how the moderators are defined. The model is based on some core job characteristics that form the basis for the ideal job design. Problem definition Question 1 deals with the exposition of the model in relation to the employees of TOPS. Presentation of the model will be done through in-depth interviews with employees. Based on depth interviews I will make a questionnaire to determine the factors that contribute to give a high motivation potential score (question 2). Model moderators will also be involved, as there are some providers elements that affect the fact that not all people react similarly to the job design. There are some barriers as a result of the fact that you do not get the best result, although job design is ideal. The moderators will also be explained through depth interviews (question 1). The model also contains the element of the critical psychological states, which will not be included in my project. This has no direct connection to my problem statement. I assume that when the optimal job design is achieved, as well as fulfillment of the moderators, so it will have a positive outcome (high motivation = good sales performance). Criticism of Hackman and Oldham In the book, motivation is a few points on which job characteristics model are criticized. I will only highlight the criticism points Helle Hein mentions in her book that influence in my project. The factors which constitute the core job characteristics are difficult to understand and distinguish between, for those who have to deal with any questions. This is one reason why I choose depth interview as my method of data collection. Respondent may help to understand the issues, which helps to strengthen the information collected. The theory does not affect factor of social relations. Therefore, I believe that the model has a major weakness in this area. The relationship to ones colleagues is very important in a store like TOPS, where there are not many employees. It is important to feel like part of the community when you show up at work. Failure to do so, and you feel that is a bad mood, you will naturally seek new challenges. This will lead to an ideal job design does not work. Hertzberg theory takes high of social relations, and would have been better in this area. This theory, I squint a little in my statement (question 1). In my hypothesis, I touch on the concept of MPS. Helle Hein questioning whether one using a formula and theory can design the best possible job design to an employee. It is one of the concepts used in my project. Therefore, the same criticisms apply here. Hackman and Oldham theory is developed at the beginning of industrialization in the United States until the 1970s when the authors formulated the theory. As it developed it was the starting point for the theory not the retail industry, which means that in some cases, it will not always fit completely with the fact that I daily find myself in. Cultural Theory Theory scope of the concept of culture has many approaches. Here there are for example Hofstede. This theorist is based on civic culture. He believes that an organizations culture is created on the basis of, for example, the country or region in which it is located in. The theory here is based on a number of opposing elements that help to characterize the culture. An example of this could be that the culture of TOPS will bear the mark of masculinity rather than the feminine. This is because you are very sales and performance oriented. Another theorists is Schein. This theory is built into a funnel model which is divided into 3 layers. The top are artifacts, which is a description of the physical conditions in which an outside person can see with the naked eye. The next layer is the values. This layer describes the employee proved doing to emphasize culture both internally and external. The last layer is called as basic assumptions, the conduct which they unconsciously without even thinking about it. The basic assumption being made by the leader. A third theory is the Deal and Kennedys cultural model. This theory is based on the market to which the organization finds itself in. The theory describes two dimensions, each with their opposing extremes. These being high risk / low risk or timely feedback / slow feedback. Here are TOPS in the dimension which is characterized by low risk and rapid feedback. In trade with each customers risk low if it failed. At the same time you get rapid feedback on sales because you can constantly follow it. Overall, it is appropriate to use the Deal and Kennedy to describe culture as the retail industry is very market specific. This will also be my approach. But to describe the culture internally, I will build on Schein funnel model, because this model is more up rational. At the same time, the shop is starting, and I therefore believe that it is the store manager, who through her actions and attitudes create culture. Furthermore, it is also the one who owns the shop and is the pioneer. In a pioneering company, it is usually the owners attitudes and opinions that characterize the corporate culture.

Community Analysis Essay -- Community Identity

Imagination plays a crucial role in creating communities and its identity. Fiction, in this case will cover both absolute fabrications and biases in the discourse of history's narration. History can be malleable in the hands of narrators, which they use to unite their audience into a common interpretation of their history. Alicia Barber, The author of the essay, Local Places, National Spaces: Public Memory, Community Identity and Landscape at Scotts Bluff National Monument, talks about two community's disagreement on a tourist spot's proper use and maintenance. Barber analyzes the community's relations to the landmark and how it affects the discourse of history's narration, the malleability of public memory, and how it all connects with community identity. Michael Ignatieff wrote about a civil struggle between two groups who identify themselves very differently from each other. In his analysis, he mixed his personal account of the situation, explaining the role of narcissism in the discourse of history's narration. His essay, The Warrior's Honor: Ethic War and the Modern Conscience, describes a more radical conflict from fabricated major differences. These two authors describe two very different approach to their conflicts, but their discourse to the narration of their history are similar. Their fabrications and biased narrations stem from their egocentric imaginations that support their identity. Imagination's role in a community's identity enables its members to associate their history with their identity. Patriotism, backed up by history, strengtheners a community's bond together as a group. Barber explains in the statement below how a community's involvement in history plays a role in their narration of their history. â€Å"Wh... ...s about their 'imagined community' and 'imagined image' make up their identity. These differences would not exist without their narcissistic imaginations that inevitably form fictions from history. But, because of their refusal to recognize the other group's relational differences, major differences rise from their actions. Nationalism's depends on these imaginations; it uses the group's self-love to stake their claim in history, narrate it in their narcissistic discourse, and blind members from relational differences that would weaken their identity as a group. Works Cited Barber, Alicia. â€Å"Local Places, National Spaces: Public Memory, Community Identity, and Landscape at Scotts Bluff National Monument.† American Studies 45 (2004): 35-64. Ignatieff, Michael. The Warrior's Honor: Ethnic War and the Modern Conscience. New York: Henry Holt and Company, 1997.

Persuasive Speech

ALIENS: THEY ARE EXISTING! I am sure that everyone of you have heard about aliens and UFOs. Indeed, we all have heard about the famous case of aliens and UFOs in Roswell, New Mexico. Most people might be interested in the topic of aliens, but I know that the majority of you just think of it as rumours and the existence of them are impossible. Therefore, I am standing here in front all of you to make you change your perspective. I am strongly confident that I have found the evidence of their real existence to convince all of you. You should think that the existence of aliens is not just rumours. I am not talking nonsense because there are reasons why you should believe that their existences are real and not just rumours. First, after doing a lot of research, I have discovered that NASA scientists have found the absolute proof of their existence. Then, the existence of aliens has not just been noticed nowadays, but a long time ago. There is a great evidence of UFOs from past civilizations on earth. Lastly, if you are wondering if they are really exist, why has not God stated about them? For your information, there is also no statement that we are the only living being in this universe. This is why you should believe that their existence is real and not just rumours. TRANSITION: Okay, let’s get started with my first point of evidence about their existence. Some of you might be assuming that I will tell you the illogical proof, but I am here with the proof that makes sense. One of the Astrobiologists of NASA has reported that he has travelled to remote regions in Antarctica, Siberia, and Alaska over the past decade and found a very rare class of meteorites with some possible proof of alien life. Richard Hoover claimed that He found shapes similar to bacteria that are supposed leftovers of bacteria. To confirm, he tested the structures to see if they contained nitrogen. Unlike cells on earth, the mineralized microscopic rock fossils did not, so he decided that they had to be of extraterrestrial origin. The bacteria have been found at the bottom of Mono Lake near California's Yosemite National Park which is rich in arsenic which is usually poisonous to life, which do not have our atmosphere. Other than that, all the story of aliens and UFOs starting to be an issue after the UFO crash incident in Roswell, New Mexico. It all started on June 25, 1947 when a pilot named Kenneth Arnold reported seeing several objects while flying near Mt Rainier, Washington. His descriptions of the objects that flew like geese and moving like saucers that you bounced it across the water and became the term â€Å"Flying Saucers†, and thus the age of the UFO was born. Millions of people  have claimed to see or experience something paranormal and out of the ordinary. Even if most of them can be explained away, that still leaves a lot of unexplainable objects in the sky and unexplainable sightings of other worldly beings. UFO sightings have been reported all over the world, not just the U. S. A. A flying disc was seen by pilots, crew members, and a bunch of other people at the Chicago O'Hare Airport in November, 2006. The whole story was shown on CNN January 6, 2007. The government claims it was not alien aircraft or aliens and nothing of the sort was ever recovered. They have stated it was only a weather balloon. Alternatively, the evidence may exist but we, the public, are simply denied access to it by the big government on earth. But there are reasons why the government keep hiding and denying about the truth of their existence. The government is concerned want to keeps it a secret so as not to disrupt human society, which may be too fragile to risk exposure to the news that aliens exist and are routinely visiting the Earth. Imagine what would happen to the religions, which is a very important aspect of our society on Earth if the existence of aliens is confirmed. Then, they also may have in their possession alien technology, which they want to reverse engineer so as to gain an advance technological edge over rival nations. Besides, government could have incentive to keep alien’s technologies secret to protect the economy which is an important backbone of modern society. TRANSITION: Well, announcement from the government or NASA that aliens really do exist seems to be the proof that we are all waiting for. The fact that it has not come yet is what make people to believe that UFO does not exist. So, I also gathered some evidence from the past civilizations that also believe of aliens’ existence. The great evidence of UFO from past civilizations on earth is the most believable proof I can think of. The aliens and UFO’s stories not only been discovered currently, but they had already been an issues for a long time ago. The pictures of aliens show up in religious paintings and  on old drawings. There are several Renaissance paintings that have UFOs in them. There are also prehistoric drawings that show UFOs and also numerous examples of UFOs and aliens. How could they draw it all if they had never seen the real one? Consequently, these are the proof that cannot be doubted and shown that aliens and UFO are really present since a long time ago. Besides, there are also the aliens’ looking skulls found. The skulls are extremely stretched out, that would mean the brain would be much larger than a normal human's. They are clearly not a human skull because the researcher has been fed a variety illogical explanation as to why this skull has this formation. Now, they are all together at Museum Regional de Ica in Peru. It is not a coincidence, Ancient Egyptians make such large heads in their photos, carvings, and statues because they had really seen the real aliens at their time. Then, about ancient monuments that we would have trouble building today, metals that do not originate on Earth, which is have been found in China, they were completely spherical and well fabricated. So, this also means that they also involved in some of the construction in our earth. TRANSITION: So, I have shown you all the evidence about their existence either from the latest decade where there is the present of technology and also from past civilization on earth. But, I am sure that many of you might be thinking, if they are really exist, why Allah never stated about them in the Al Quran. Here are some points that may stop you from being wondering. The Al-Quran never stated about the existence of aliens, but you must be concerned that Allah also never stated that we are the only living beings in this universe. In some of Surah, there is some implied information about another intelligent existence other than humanity, angels and demons in this universe. And one of the statement in Al-Quran, He created sky and earth, and Dabbah that He spread the two of them. And He has the power to gather all of it whenever He wants. Then, Allah also created seven skies and either earth which is under His rule so that you know as He is too powerful or He knows about the entire thing. Besides, Al-Quran also stated that it is not only our earth that is under His shield, all the existence in earth and sky also needed Him al the time as we did. In the book of Syaikh Muhammad al-Ghazali, he said that our earth not more than a dust in this big and wonderful universe that full of life and living beings. We will be the fool one if we are thinking that we are the only existence in this big place. Allah created a lot of galaxy, so it is possible that our planet not the only one that is full of live. This universe for him is full with living beings that Allah made that shown about His existence and His Almighty. Okay, for now I am confirmed that my explications have given a big impact to your belief. All I can say that the existences of aliens are not only rumours but they are living in this planet with us. I hope that I have convinced you enough that the existences of those aliens are not just rumours but they are real. I think I have sufficiently exposed you the proof of their existence, hoping that you would change your perspective. Like I said previously, I am not talking nonsense without evidence. Once again I insist that you should believe the aliens are existing because NASA scientist had found the absolute proof of their existence. It is not been announced yet because there are some conspiracy from government as they are hiding and keep denying about the aliens’ existence and they did it for reasons. Besides all the evidence from NASA, yet there is a lot of proof that they do exist. I put more effort on historical proof as the great evidence of UFO from past civilizations on Earth shown that their existence had been found long time ago. After all, if you are still wondering why not Allah proves their existence, I reclaim that there is no statement that we are the only living being in this universe in Al Quran either from other Islamic Religion. So, you should believe that the existence of aliens and UFO are not just rumours. Persuasive Speech Anna Rash November 9, 2009 Persuasive Speech Outline Comm Lab 150 Section 10 Mandatory Physical Education General Purpose: To persuade Speech Goal: I want to persuade my classmates that physical education should be mandatory in grades K-12, yet reforms should be made to make it mandatory. Introduction: I. How many times have you thought about wanting to work out to keep up a â€Å"fit and healthy† lifestyle, but did not know the criteria for a certain workout or even how much you should be doing during a week?Making physical education in grades kindergarten through 12th grade will help teach you these lifelong skills. II. Physical education should be mandatory in grades K-12 for the following three reasons: A. Learning how to live a healthy lifestyle B. Avoiding obesity C. Decreasing depression and anxiety Body: I. Children need to learn how to live a healthy lifestyle. A. According to Jessica Barron from an article on Associated Content, â€Å"Physical education is necessary in schools to effectively teach children how to manage their lives in a healthy way.Children are less likely to care about their health if they are not told why health is important than children who are educated about nutrition and exercise. † B. While physical education needs to educate students in the classroom about how to eat better and maintain a healthy lifestyle, they also need to learn how sports can be enjoyable. According to an article written by Jessica Barron on Associated Content, most children do not know that sports can be fun and enjoyable if they are not made to at least try them. Without physical education, these children will never be trying any sports.Sometimes they even miss finding a hidden talent. C. According to the American Heart Association, elementary students should be required to have at least 150 minutes per week, while middle school students should be required to have at least 225 minutes per week, and high school students have to complete a phy sical education requirement prior to graduation. D. If learning how to live a healthy lifestyle is engrained into your memory, you are more likely to continue doing it when you graduate high school and attend college, which is something we can all find relative.Transition: Along with learning how to live a healthier lifestyle, the risk of obesity as a teenager and adult can be avoided with a better lifestyle. II. Obesity is a continuing problem among children. When children do not learn how to take care of their bodies, it can follow them into their adult life, which increases health risks majorly. A. Nearly 10 million children ages 6-19 are considered overweight. (American Heart Association). B. â€Å"In 1971 only 4% of overweight adolescents made up the population. That number has nearly quadrupled into 17% in 2003† (American Heart Association).C. Physical education needs to begin early and continue all throughout high school (K-12) because nearly two-thirds of Americans ar e overweight, and one in five four year olds are already obese according to The USA Today. D. Obesity can cause increased risk in certain health issues, including heart disease, stroke, diabetes, cancer, gallbladder disease, and osteoarthritis, cited from the WebMD. Transition: By making physical education mandatory, obesity can be avoided along with decreasing depression and anxiety, which will ultimately help weight as well. III.Physical education can help maintain a positive attitude and decrease depression. This is crucial during teenage years because you are transitioning through different stages and friendships. A. After conducting an experiment in young females, psychologists found that after 5 50-minute light jogging/exercise programs for 8 weeks, depressive states significantly decreased compared to young females who just did daily activities (European Public Health Association). B. â€Å"One recent study found that a good workout could boost your level of serotonin, a bra in chemical that is linked to mood,† according to Kate Lee, a consumer health activist.C. Increasing this serotonin is exactly what children need in their lives to decrease signs of depression. D. According to the American Psychological Association, suicide, which is mainly caused by depression, is the third highest death rate among teenagers. Physical exercise being made mandatory in schools can help prevent this. E. This statistic should be widely remembered when certain lobbyists begin advocating against physical education because schools cannot fund it, or because physical education is not in the standard â€Å"academic curriculum. Transition: If physical exercise and education is something that can fight against depression, then why should schools be cutting it out of their curriculums and adding in harder academic classes where the students are concentrating for eight straight hours a day? Conclusion: I. After the points I have given, you should be able to see why physi cal education must be mandatory in our school systems for grades kindergarten through 12th grade. II. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle and exercising is key to a happier life and mood day to day.Decreasing anxiety will make you feel better overall, therefore keeping your weight at a healthy level. III. Physical education and proper exercise can do no harm, therefore why should it not be in school systems all over the country? Barron, Jessica. â€Å"Physical Education in Schools. † Associated Content (2006): 1-3. Web. 3 Nov 2009. . â€Å"Day Care next frontier in fighting childhood obesity. † USA Today 13 Oct 2009: n. pag. Web. 3 Nov 2009. . Lee, Kate. â€Å"Can exercise really improve my mood?. † Healthy Me (2009): n. pag. Web. 1 Nov 2009. . Nabkasorn, Channuda, Nobuyuki Miyai, Anek Sootmongkoi, Suwanna Junpraset, and Hiroichi Yamamoto. Effects of physical depression, neuroendocrine stress hormones and physiological fitness in adolescent females with depressive s ymptoms. † European Public Health Association 16. 2 (2005): 179-184. Web. 3 Nov 2009. . â€Å"Physical Education in Schools. † American Heart Association. 2009. American Heart Association, Web. 28 Oct 2009. . â€Å"Teen and Young Adult Suicide: A National Health Crisis. † American Psychological Association (2001): n. pag. Web. 3 Nov 2009. . â€Å"Weight Loss: health risks associated with obesity. † Web MD. 05 May 2009. WebMD, Web. 3 Nov 2009. . Persuasive Speech Persuasive Speech Anna Rash November 9, 2009 Persuasive Speech Outline Comm Lab 150 Section 10 Mandatory Physical Education General Purpose: To persuade Speech Goal: I want to persuade my classmates that physical education should be mandatory in grades K-12, yet reforms should be made to make it mandatory. Introduction: I. How many times have you thought about wanting to work out to keep up a â€Å"fit and healthy† lifestyle, but did not know the criteria for a certain workout or even how much you should be doing during a week?Making physical education in grades kindergarten through 12th grade will help teach you these lifelong skills. II. Physical education should be mandatory in grades K-12 for the following three reasons: A. Learning how to live a healthy lifestyle B. Avoiding obesity C. Decreasing depression and anxiety Body: I. Children need to learn how to live a healthy lifestyle. A. According to Jessica Barron from an article on Associated Content, â€Å"Physical education is necessary in schools to effectively teach children how to manage their lives in a healthy way.Children are less likely to care about their health if they are not told why health is important than children who are educated about nutrition and exercise. † B. While physical education needs to educate students in the classroom about how to eat better and maintain a healthy lifestyle, they also need to learn how sports can be enjoyable. According to an article written by Jessica Barron on Associated Content, most children do not know that sports can be fun and enjoyable if they are not made to at least try them. Without physical education, these children will never be trying any sports.Sometimes they even miss finding a hidden talent. C. According to the American Heart Association, elementary students should be required to have at least 150 minutes per week, while middle school students should be required to have at least 225 minutes per week, and high school students have to complete a phy sical education requirement prior to graduation. D. If learning how to live a healthy lifestyle is engrained into your memory, you are more likely to continue doing it when you graduate high school and attend college, which is something we can all find relative.Transition: Along with learning how to live a healthier lifestyle, the risk of obesity as a teenager and adult can be avoided with a better lifestyle. II. Obesity is a continuing problem among children. When children do not learn how to take care of their bodies, it can follow them into their adult life, which increases health risks majorly. A. Nearly 10 million children ages 6-19 are considered overweight. (American Heart Association). B. â€Å"In 1971 only 4% of overweight adolescents made up the population. That number has nearly quadrupled into 17% in 2003† (American Heart Association).C. Physical education needs to begin early and continue all throughout high school (K-12) because nearly two-thirds of Americans ar e overweight, and one in five four year olds are already obese according to The USA Today. D. Obesity can cause increased risk in certain health issues, including heart disease, stroke, diabetes, cancer, gallbladder disease, and osteoarthritis, cited from the WebMD. Transition: By making physical education mandatory, obesity can be avoided along with decreasing depression and anxiety, which will ultimately help weight as well. III.Physical education can help maintain a positive attitude and decrease depression. This is crucial during teenage years because you are transitioning through different stages and friendships. A. After conducting an experiment in young females, psychologists found that after 5 50-minute light jogging/exercise programs for 8 weeks, depressive states significantly decreased compared to young females who just did daily activities (European Public Health Association). B. â€Å"One recent study found that a good workout could boost your level of serotonin, a bra in chemical that is linked to mood,† according to Kate Lee, a consumer health activist.C. Increasing this serotonin is exactly what children need in their lives to decrease signs of depression. D. According to the American Psychological Association, suicide, which is mainly caused by depression, is the third highest death rate among teenagers. Physical exercise being made mandatory in schools can help prevent this. E. This statistic should be widely remembered when certain lobbyists begin advocating against physical education because schools cannot fund it, or because physical education is not in the standard â€Å"academic curriculum. Transition: If physical exercise and education is something that can fight against depression, then why should schools be cutting it out of their curriculums and adding in harder academic classes where the students are concentrating for eight straight hours a day? Conclusion: I. After the points I have given, you should be able to see why physi cal education must be mandatory in our school systems for grades kindergarten through 12th grade. II. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle and exercising is key to a happier life and mood day to day.Decreasing anxiety will make you feel better overall, therefore keeping your weight at a healthy level. III. Physical education and proper exercise can do no harm, therefore why should it not be in school systems all over the country? Barron, Jessica. â€Å"Physical Education in Schools. † Associated Content (2006): 1-3. Web. 3 Nov 2009. . â€Å"Day Care next frontier in fighting childhood obesity. † USA Today 13 Oct 2009: n. pag. Web. 3 Nov 2009. . Lee, Kate. â€Å"Can exercise really improve my mood?. † Healthy Me (2009): n. pag. Web. 1 Nov 2009. . Nabkasorn, Channuda, Nobuyuki Miyai, Anek Sootmongkoi, Suwanna Junpraset, and Hiroichi Yamamoto. Effects of physical depression, neuroendocrine stress hormones and physiological fitness in adolescent females with depressive s ymptoms. † European Public Health Association 16. 2 (2005): 179-184. Web. 3 Nov 2009. . â€Å"Physical Education in Schools. † American Heart Association. 2009. American Heart Association, Web. 28 Oct 2009. . â€Å"Teen and Young Adult Suicide: A National Health Crisis. † American Psychological Association (2001): n. pag. Web. 3 Nov 2009. . â€Å"Weight Loss: health risks associated with obesity. † Web MD. 05 May 2009. WebMD, Web. 3 Nov 2009. . Persuasive Speech ALIENS: THEY ARE EXISTING! I am sure that everyone of you have heard about aliens and UFOs. Indeed, we all have heard about the famous case of aliens and UFOs in Roswell, New Mexico. Most people might be interested in the topic of aliens, but I know that the majority of you just think of it as rumours and the existence of them are impossible. Therefore, I am standing here in front all of you to make you change your perspective. I am strongly confident that I have found the evidence of their real existence to convince all of you. You should think that the existence of aliens is not just rumours. I am not talking nonsense because there are reasons why you should believe that their existences are real and not just rumours. First, after doing a lot of research, I have discovered that NASA scientists have found the absolute proof of their existence. Then, the existence of aliens has not just been noticed nowadays, but a long time ago. There is a great evidence of UFOs from past civilizations on earth. Lastly, if you are wondering if they are really exist, why has not God stated about them? For your information, there is also no statement that we are the only living being in this universe. This is why you should believe that their existence is real and not just rumours. TRANSITION: Okay, let’s get started with my first point of evidence about their existence. Some of you might be assuming that I will tell you the illogical proof, but I am here with the proof that makes sense. One of the Astrobiologists of NASA has reported that he has travelled to remote regions in Antarctica, Siberia, and Alaska over the past decade and found a very rare class of meteorites with some possible proof of alien life. Richard Hoover claimed that He found shapes similar to bacteria that are supposed leftovers of bacteria. To confirm, he tested the structures to see if they contained nitrogen. Unlike cells on earth, the mineralized microscopic rock fossils did not, so he decided that they had to be of extraterrestrial origin. The bacteria have been found at the bottom of Mono Lake near California's Yosemite National Park which is rich in arsenic which is usually poisonous to life, which do not have our atmosphere. Other than that, all the story of aliens and UFOs starting to be an issue after the UFO crash incident in Roswell, New Mexico. It all started on June 25, 1947 when a pilot named Kenneth Arnold reported seeing several objects while flying near Mt Rainier, Washington. His descriptions of the objects that flew like geese and moving like saucers that you bounced it across the water and became the term â€Å"Flying Saucers†, and thus the age of the UFO was born. Millions of people  have claimed to see or experience something paranormal and out of the ordinary. Even if most of them can be explained away, that still leaves a lot of unexplainable objects in the sky and unexplainable sightings of other worldly beings. UFO sightings have been reported all over the world, not just the U. S. A. A flying disc was seen by pilots, crew members, and a bunch of other people at the Chicago O'Hare Airport in November, 2006. The whole story was shown on CNN January 6, 2007. The government claims it was not alien aircraft or aliens and nothing of the sort was ever recovered. They have stated it was only a weather balloon. Alternatively, the evidence may exist but we, the public, are simply denied access to it by the big government on earth. But there are reasons why the government keep hiding and denying about the truth of their existence. The government is concerned want to keeps it a secret so as not to disrupt human society, which may be too fragile to risk exposure to the news that aliens exist and are routinely visiting the Earth. Imagine what would happen to the religions, which is a very important aspect of our society on Earth if the existence of aliens is confirmed. Then, they also may have in their possession alien technology, which they want to reverse engineer so as to gain an advance technological edge over rival nations. Besides, government could have incentive to keep alien’s technologies secret to protect the economy which is an important backbone of modern society. TRANSITION: Well, announcement from the government or NASA that aliens really do exist seems to be the proof that we are all waiting for. The fact that it has not come yet is what make people to believe that UFO does not exist. So, I also gathered some evidence from the past civilizations that also believe of aliens’ existence. The great evidence of UFO from past civilizations on earth is the most believable proof I can think of. The aliens and UFO’s stories not only been discovered currently, but they had already been an issues for a long time ago. The pictures of aliens show up in religious paintings and  on old drawings. There are several Renaissance paintings that have UFOs in them. There are also prehistoric drawings that show UFOs and also numerous examples of UFOs and aliens. How could they draw it all if they had never seen the real one? Consequently, these are the proof that cannot be doubted and shown that aliens and UFO are really present since a long time ago. Besides, there are also the aliens’ looking skulls found. The skulls are extremely stretched out, that would mean the brain would be much larger than a normal human's. They are clearly not a human skull because the researcher has been fed a variety illogical explanation as to why this skull has this formation. Now, they are all together at Museum Regional de Ica in Peru. It is not a coincidence, Ancient Egyptians make such large heads in their photos, carvings, and statues because they had really seen the real aliens at their time. Then, about ancient monuments that we would have trouble building today, metals that do not originate on Earth, which is have been found in China, they were completely spherical and well fabricated. So, this also means that they also involved in some of the construction in our earth. TRANSITION: So, I have shown you all the evidence about their existence either from the latest decade where there is the present of technology and also from past civilization on earth. But, I am sure that many of you might be thinking, if they are really exist, why Allah never stated about them in the Al Quran. Here are some points that may stop you from being wondering. The Al-Quran never stated about the existence of aliens, but you must be concerned that Allah also never stated that we are the only living beings in this universe. In some of Surah, there is some implied information about another intelligent existence other than humanity, angels and demons in this universe. And one of the statement in Al-Quran, He created sky and earth, and Dabbah that He spread the two of them. And He has the power to gather all of it whenever He wants. Then, Allah also created seven skies and either earth which is under His rule so that you know as He is too powerful or He knows about the entire thing. Besides, Al-Quran also stated that it is not only our earth that is under His shield, all the existence in earth and sky also needed Him al the time as we did. In the book of Syaikh Muhammad al-Ghazali, he said that our earth not more than a dust in this big and wonderful universe that full of life and living beings. We will be the fool one if we are thinking that we are the only existence in this big place. Allah created a lot of galaxy, so it is possible that our planet not the only one that is full of live. This universe for him is full with living beings that Allah made that shown about His existence and His Almighty. Okay, for now I am confirmed that my explications have given a big impact to your belief. All I can say that the existences of aliens are not only rumours but they are living in this planet with us. I hope that I have convinced you enough that the existences of those aliens are not just rumours but they are real. I think I have sufficiently exposed you the proof of their existence, hoping that you would change your perspective. Like I said previously, I am not talking nonsense without evidence. Once again I insist that you should believe the aliens are existing because NASA scientist had found the absolute proof of their existence. It is not been announced yet because there are some conspiracy from government as they are hiding and keep denying about the aliens’ existence and they did it for reasons. Besides all the evidence from NASA, yet there is a lot of proof that they do exist. I put more effort on historical proof as the great evidence of UFO from past civilizations on Earth shown that their existence had been found long time ago. After all, if you are still wondering why not Allah proves their existence, I reclaim that there is no statement that we are the only living being in this universe in Al Quran either from other Islamic Religion. So, you should believe that the existence of aliens and UFO are not just rumours. Persuasive Speech ALIENS: THEY ARE EXISTING! I am sure that everyone of you have heard about aliens and UFOs. Indeed, we all have heard about the famous case of aliens and UFOs in Roswell, New Mexico. Most people might be interested in the topic of aliens, but I know that the majority of you just think of it as rumours and the existence of them are impossible. Therefore, I am standing here in front all of you to make you change your perspective. I am strongly confident that I have found the evidence of their real existence to convince all of you. You should think that the existence of aliens is not just rumours. I am not talking nonsense because there are reasons why you should believe that their existences are real and not just rumours. First, after doing a lot of research, I have discovered that NASA scientists have found the absolute proof of their existence. Then, the existence of aliens has not just been noticed nowadays, but a long time ago. There is a great evidence of UFOs from past civilizations on earth. Lastly, if you are wondering if they are really exist, why has not God stated about them? For your information, there is also no statement that we are the only living being in this universe. This is why you should believe that their existence is real and not just rumours. TRANSITION: Okay, let’s get started with my first point of evidence about their existence. Some of you might be assuming that I will tell you the illogical proof, but I am here with the proof that makes sense. One of the Astrobiologists of NASA has reported that he has travelled to remote regions in Antarctica, Siberia, and Alaska over the past decade and found a very rare class of meteorites with some possible proof of alien life. Richard Hoover claimed that He found shapes similar to bacteria that are supposed leftovers of bacteria. To confirm, he tested the structures to see if they contained nitrogen. Unlike cells on earth, the mineralized microscopic rock fossils did not, so he decided that they had to be of extraterrestrial origin. The bacteria have been found at the bottom of Mono Lake near California's Yosemite National Park which is rich in arsenic which is usually poisonous to life, which do not have our atmosphere. Other than that, all the story of aliens and UFOs starting to be an issue after the UFO crash incident in Roswell, New Mexico. It all started on June 25, 1947 when a pilot named Kenneth Arnold reported seeing several objects while flying near Mt Rainier, Washington. His descriptions of the objects that flew like geese and moving like saucers that you bounced it across the water and became the term â€Å"Flying Saucers†, and thus the age of the UFO was born. Millions of people  have claimed to see or experience something paranormal and out of the ordinary. Even if most of them can be explained away, that still leaves a lot of unexplainable objects in the sky and unexplainable sightings of other worldly beings. UFO sightings have been reported all over the world, not just the U. S. A. A flying disc was seen by pilots, crew members, and a bunch of other people at the Chicago O'Hare Airport in November, 2006. The whole story was shown on CNN January 6, 2007. The government claims it was not alien aircraft or aliens and nothing of the sort was ever recovered. They have stated it was only a weather balloon. Alternatively, the evidence may exist but we, the public, are simply denied access to it by the big government on earth. But there are reasons why the government keep hiding and denying about the truth of their existence. The government is concerned want to keeps it a secret so as not to disrupt human society, which may be too fragile to risk exposure to the news that aliens exist and are routinely visiting the Earth. Imagine what would happen to the religions, which is a very important aspect of our society on Earth if the existence of aliens is confirmed. Then, they also may have in their possession alien technology, which they want to reverse engineer so as to gain an advance technological edge over rival nations. Besides, government could have incentive to keep alien’s technologies secret to protect the economy which is an important backbone of modern society. TRANSITION: Well, announcement from the government or NASA that aliens really do exist seems to be the proof that we are all waiting for. The fact that it has not come yet is what make people to believe that UFO does not exist. So, I also gathered some evidence from the past civilizations that also believe of aliens’ existence. The great evidence of UFO from past civilizations on earth is the most believable proof I can think of. The aliens and UFO’s stories not only been discovered currently, but they had already been an issues for a long time ago. The pictures of aliens show up in religious paintings and  on old drawings. There are several Renaissance paintings that have UFOs in them. There are also prehistoric drawings that show UFOs and also numerous examples of UFOs and aliens. How could they draw it all if they had never seen the real one? Consequently, these are the proof that cannot be doubted and shown that aliens and UFO are really present since a long time ago. Besides, there are also the aliens’ looking skulls found. The skulls are extremely stretched out, that would mean the brain would be much larger than a normal human's. They are clearly not a human skull because the researcher has been fed a variety illogical explanation as to why this skull has this formation. Now, they are all together at Museum Regional de Ica in Peru. It is not a coincidence, Ancient Egyptians make such large heads in their photos, carvings, and statues because they had really seen the real aliens at their time. Then, about ancient monuments that we would have trouble building today, metals that do not originate on Earth, which is have been found in China, they were completely spherical and well fabricated. So, this also means that they also involved in some of the construction in our earth. TRANSITION: So, I have shown you all the evidence about their existence either from the latest decade where there is the present of technology and also from past civilization on earth. But, I am sure that many of you might be thinking, if they are really exist, why Allah never stated about them in the Al Quran. Here are some points that may stop you from being wondering. The Al-Quran never stated about the existence of aliens, but you must be concerned that Allah also never stated that we are the only living beings in this universe. In some of Surah, there is some implied information about another intelligent existence other than humanity, angels and demons in this universe. And one of the statement in Al-Quran, He created sky and earth, and Dabbah that He spread the two of them. And He has the power to gather all of it whenever He wants. Then, Allah also created seven skies and either earth which is under His rule so that you know as He is too powerful or He knows about the entire thing. Besides, Al-Quran also stated that it is not only our earth that is under His shield, all the existence in earth and sky also needed Him al the time as we did. In the book of Syaikh Muhammad al-Ghazali, he said that our earth not more than a dust in this big and wonderful universe that full of life and living beings. We will be the fool one if we are thinking that we are the only existence in this big place. Allah created a lot of galaxy, so it is possible that our planet not the only one that is full of live. This universe for him is full with living beings that Allah made that shown about His existence and His Almighty. Okay, for now I am confirmed that my explications have given a big impact to your belief. All I can say that the existences of aliens are not only rumours but they are living in this planet with us. I hope that I have convinced you enough that the existences of those aliens are not just rumours but they are real. I think I have sufficiently exposed you the proof of their existence, hoping that you would change your perspective. Like I said previously, I am not talking nonsense without evidence. Once again I insist that you should believe the aliens are existing because NASA scientist had found the absolute proof of their existence. It is not been announced yet because there are some conspiracy from government as they are hiding and keep denying about the aliens’ existence and they did it for reasons. Besides all the evidence from NASA, yet there is a lot of proof that they do exist. I put more effort on historical proof as the great evidence of UFO from past civilizations on Earth shown that their existence had been found long time ago. After all, if you are still wondering why not Allah proves their existence, I reclaim that there is no statement that we are the only living being in this universe in Al Quran either from other Islamic Religion. So, you should believe that the existence of aliens and UFO are not just rumours. Persuasive Speech

Food security Essay

All efforts to bridge the gap between government estimates and the Sonia Gandhi-led National Advisory Council over the Food Security Act are coming up against a central concern posed by the Congress chief: How can the selection criteria ensure the poor and deserving don’t get left out? NAC members who interact with the government point out that Sonia repeatedly underlines her personal experience over the years during visits to deprived areas where she has found that the poor are simply not counted in any state survey and are denied any benefits. The Congress chief’s poser that the inability of the poor, particularly tribals and dalits, to access below poverty line cards needed to tap official welfare schemes will defeat the very objective of a law providing 35 kg food grain a month to the widest set of recipients is proving tough to answer. Here, even automatic inclusion parameters may not mean the severely disadvantaged groups will be assured a minimum level of food security, said sources familiar with the Congress supremo’s thinking. Sonia is keen the proposed law be effective in addressing needs of those who live on the brink and need state support and her conviction that exclusion criteria are applied in a bureaucratic manner and end up leaving the needy out in the cold tilts the scale towards universal eligibility which the government continues to baulk at. Several permutations have been considered including limiting universal public distribution system to districts with chronic poverty or looking for the right urban-rural ratios. But while some campaigners argue that government’s fears of having to maintain large stocks are misplaced as universal PDS will be accessed only by those who need it, the government is not quite convinced. The government feels that legal provisions stating population percentages to be catered for will mean it has to provide for adequate food grain for all intended beneficiaries. A law is mandatory and the optimum values have to be factored in. The tussle over selection of beneficiaries has seen populist politics pushing for dilution of criteria like pucca houses or income levels. But the Congress president’s core concern that expanding the net still does not necessarily mean that obvious beneficiaries are being catered for being tossed up and down the table in both formal and informal consultations. Food security act pledge in Prez’s address A national food security act to guarantee 25 kg of rice or wheat a month to BPL families, consolidation of rural employment and Bharat Nirman, a focus on terrorism and India’s neighbourhood, initiatives for urban employment and a promise to battle recessionary trends are likely to be part of President’s address to Parliament. The first meeting of the Union Cabinet after the conclusion of government-formation, scheduled for Saturday morning, may consider President Pratibha Patil’s speech to the joint sitting of both Houses of Parliament. The speech, to be delivered on June 4, has been extensively worked on by Prime Minister Manmohan Singh. The President’s address is expected to highlight areas outlined by the PM like infrastructure and security. High on the government’s agenda are plans for a National Counter Terrorism Centre, modernisation of police forces through training and technology and diversified recruitment. It will also speak of pushing programmes like highways that have languished. Some legislations like the Unorganised workers’ social security bill and Right to Education Bill, National Rehabilitation and Resettlement Bill, expansion of the Rashtriya Swathya Bima Yojana and the National Child Labour Project, integrated development of minority concentration districts and approval of a National Tribal Policy are initiatives the government would like to speeden up. With economy and job losses very much a concern, the address will look to stress development of social and physical infrastructure along with specific plans like an urban employment safety net. The government will work on a comprehensive overhaul of public healthcare, restructuring Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA), strengthening implementation of 11th and 12th plan power projects and attention on employment-generating small sector enterprises. The government is planning major efforts to decrease infant and mother mortality rates, bring about accountability in Primary Health Centres, initiate a household survey of the National Rural Healthcare Mission, besides approving rigorous oversight in ensuring dispensation of medicines before expiry dates. In the education sector, the main focus is likely to be on quality education by restructuring SSA, seen as a success story, and on guaranteeing education for all. The government is expected to  restructure SSA into a Mission for Quality Elementary Education to deal effectively with teacher absenteeism and drop out rates. The government has set up a target of adding 78,577 Mw of power generation capacity in the current 11th five year plan which has been raised to 1 lakh MW during the 12th five year plan. A major thrust on the micro small and medium enterprises (MSME) sector — hit badly by the global economic slowdown — to protect workers and artisans can be expected. Government may insist on use of handlooms and handicrafts in decor for government offices as well as for venues for the forthcoming At the start of UPA’s first term in office, the President’s address had reflected the commitments made in the common minimum programme and this time around, Congress’s manifesto is expected to be â€Å"foundation† of the speech. A nation-wide skill development programme and scholarship schemes for needy students and those from the minority communities are on the government’s check list. The electoral success in attracting minority votes could see the President refer to Congress’s poll promise of taking its minority reservation models in states like Andhra Pradesh, to the national level. The government feels that it has been the recipient of a rural feel-good with the agrarian economy benefitting from higher MPS, NREGA and the loan waiver. With an eye to consolidating its image as pro-farmer, the government is expected to work towards providing interest relief to all farmers who repay bank loans on schedule. The loan waiver has reached 3.68 crore families. In the power sector, operationalisation of the National Electricity Fund, infrastructure implementation in the north-east, faster implementation of flagship programmes and monitoring through third parties and capacity building are on the table. Sanghatana says Food Security Act will ruin farmers The Shetkari Sanghatana has come out strongly against the proposed Food Security Act of the UPA government terming it as anti-farmer and a measure that would fuel inflation, derail country’s economy and produce an army of lazy people who get food almost for free without need to work. â€Å"The proposed law is aimed at only garnering votes in 2014 elections by the ruling parties at the Centre. Providing subsidized food to 67% of country’s population or 81 crore people would cost the country Rs1,25,000 crore. It would have far-reaching implications on productivity and economy of the country and destroy dignity of labour,† said Ram Neole, spokesman of the Sanghatana. â€Å"Providing cheap foodgrains to the disabled, needy people can be seen as a noble gesture of a caring government in a welfare state. But the Food Security ordinance brought in a haste without waiting for a parliamentary clearance to cover an overwhelming majority of population is a cheap political gimmick,† said Neole. His Shetkari Sanghatana led by Sharad Joshi favoured free market economy with farmers getting adequate rates for their produce. â€Å"The Food Act would mean that farmers producing paddy, wheat and coarse grains like jowar would never get the right price as the government that controls pricing and procurement would never allow a hike so as to contain the cost of the scheme,† explained Neole. Under the new law those demanding the foodgrains would be given rice for Rs3, wheat for Rs2 and jowar for Rs1 a kg. â€Å"Of course, when faced with huge budgetary deficit that is bound to happen, the government would increase taxes on traders and salaried classes and businessmen and professionals burdening them further,† Neole apprehended. â€Å"All this will lead to loss of income for farmers, more taxes and non-availability of labour force for productive work at farms and factories,† he feared. Contradicting this viewpoint, Vidarbha Jan Andolan Samiti president Kishore Tiwari has jumped in support of the law. In a statement here, he said: â€Å"Only those ignorant of hunger and deprivation that kills lakhs of people in villages every year would oppose the law.† Such political parties and people would be taught a lesson in 2014 elections for opposing a pro-poor policy,† said Tiwari. â€Å"The poor have a right to food and the proposed law is the first step to acknowledge it,† he added. Food subsidy bill may touch Rs 75K cr on back of Food Security Act The proposed Food Security Act may not put additional burden on the government in the current fiscal year as the government can find the resources to fund the plan from the spending outlined for 2011-12, finance ministry officials said. However, the food subsidy bill could soar to as much as Rs 75,000 crore from the estimated Rs 60,572.98 crore for the 2011-12 fiscal year. Finance ministry officials said the government will provide the money for funding this exercise. The ministry has already asked various departments to  tighten their belts and not to undertake any new spending commitments as it sticks to its plan of meeting the fiscal deficit target of 4.6% of gross domestic product. The government is keen to stick to its deficit target as it has embarked on a drive to mend public finances. Earlier, the government had said it was ready to provide for any additional fuel subsidy as result of the spike in global crude oil prices and is confident of finding the resources from within the budget for the 2011-12 financial year. The government has an ambitious share sale programme in state run companies and plans to raise Rs 40,000 crore. Despite volatile stock market and global economic conditions, finance ministry officials are confident of achieving the target. It is also banking on other non-tax revenues to help it keep within it spending limits despite pressure points on the subsidy front. Sources said the ministry of food and consumer affairs was staring at a requirement of over 70 million tonnes of foodgrain to support the food security act. Given the trends in procurement and the need to maintain buffer stocks, it could pose a problem for the government and force it to import from the international market. Any plans to impose large quantities of grains could push up prices in the global market and widen the government’s subsidy burden. Some analysts say the food subsidy could touch Rs 1 lakh crore in two years. It remains to be seen how the government balances the demand for the food security act against the backdrop of a tight fiscal situation. Analysts say importing costly food to run the Food Security Act could blow a hole in public finances and reverse the trend in fiscal consolidation. Congress hopes to get food bill passed Conscious that the window to secure passage of the food security bill is narrowing as the scheduled end of the monsoon session of parliament nears, the Congress on Sunday expressed the hope that the landmark measure will get approved during the coming week. â€Å"We hope the food bill will be passed in parliament on Monday or Tuesday,† Congress spokesperson PC Chacko told IANS. The ongoing monsoon session of parliament is scheduled to end on August 30. Though the lower house functioned on Saturday, in lieu of a holiday last week, the food bill was not listed as opposition parties wanted it to be  debated on Monday. â€Å"The food bill will be taken up on Monday,† Parliamentary Affairs Minister Kamal Nath had told reporters on Friday. If it gets passed in the lower house on Monday, the bill can be taken up in the Rajya Sabha on Tuesday. Politics scuttled Congress managers’ plans to get it passed for the entire week Aug 19-24 as the opposition did not let the house run over the issues of missing coal-block allocation files, statehood for Telangana and high prices of food items. The managers hope that Prime Minister Manmohan Singh’s statement in the Rajya Sabha on Monday would end the controversy over missing coal-block files. The speaker’s suspension on Friday of 12 anti-Telangana members, who had been disrupting the lower house, has sought to address the issue of endorsement for a new state. The Lok Sabha functioned Saturday for the first time since the session began Aug 5 and passed three bills – Governors (Emoluments, Allowances and Privileges) Amendment Bill, 2012, The Constitution (Scheduled Castes) Order (Amendment) Bill, 2012 and Constitution (Scheduled Tribes) Order (Second Amendment) Bill, 2012.

Commercial Drivers License Guide Colorado, New Mexico, and Nevada

Commercial Drivers License Guide Colorado, New Mexico, and Nevada If you live in Colorado, New Mexico, or Nevada, learn the guideline for getting your Commercial Driver’s License (CDL) below. If you want to learn about getting a CDL at other states, TheJobNetwork has published a guide on how to get a commercial driver’s license in every state of the country. ColoradoRequirements for the CDL Training PermitYou must:Be 18 years oldProvide identification  with your name and address and  proof of U.S. citizenshipVerify your Social Security numberObtain a certificate showing passage of the Department of Transportation (DOT) medical examination  within the last 24 monthsPass the basic CDL written test, which will reflect the class and endorsements you will cover in the CDL driving testPay a $9 permit feeObtaining a CDLAfter you obtain a  temporary permit, you must train for and pass the CDL driving test. The test is not given at driver license offices, but rather is outsourced to private,  third-party companies.The actual test con tains three parts:Pre-trip vehicle inspectionBasic skillsOn-road testThe ApplicationYou can then fill out an application at a full-service driver license office. You must bring with you all the proper identification mention above (including a document with your Social Security number) and  a Medical Examination Report  (Form 649-F).  By this point, you must also have passed   all the required written tests for the class and endorsements for which you are applying and  the CDL driver tests.Finally, you will  relinquish your regular Colorado driver license, along with the CDL temporary permit, pay the $15.50 license fee, have your photo taken, and sign and fingerprint the license.New MexicoYou do not have to take a written test to exchange a valid out-of-state CDL for a New Mexico CDL with the same class and endorsements. However, any driver needing a hazardous materials endorsement must take a written test, be fingerprinted, and get a background check.A driver applicant f or a CDL Permit, a first-time Commercial License, or a Commercial License renewal must provide:A state birth certificate, U.S. passport, or other proof of lawful presence in the United StatesA Social Security CardDOT Medical CertificationTwo verifiable proofs of physical residency in New MexicoA valid New Mexico driver’s/CDL licenseCDL Knowledge TestsAll drivers must  pass all required CDL Knowledge Tests for the desired Class and/or type of vehicle.  Applicants who fail any one CDL Knowledge Test must wait one week before retesting;  applicants may take any one CDL Knowledge Test three times within one-year.  After that  applicants must wait one year before retesting.Any applicant found cheating or committing an offense during  testing will have their CDL application or CDL license disqualified for one year and will be required to obtain a Class D license if holding a CDL.Skills TestsAfter obtaining a  CDL Learner’s Permit, you may inquire where to take the Required Skills Test in your area. The test  is comprised of Pre-Trip, Basic Control Skills, and Road Testing. It is administered by a third-party examiner, and will normally take two hours. Applicants who so not pass  the skills test must wait one week to  retest; you  can  take the skills test three times within a one-year period.Each part of the Knowledge and Skills Test is graded independently; a passing score is 80% or higher.Medical CertificationsApplicants who do not have a current, valid DOT Medical Certificate on record must  submit a copy of a  medical certificate.NevadaSkills tests are administered by appointment at CDL offices only; most organizations hire third-party examiners to administer the exam. The DMV also licenses private Commercial Driving Schools.When you apply, you will provide a list all states where you have held any commercial or non-commercial driver’s license in the past 10 years. Your driving history will be checked in each stat e. All commercial drivers must meet the requirements for a Nevada driver’s license.Upon request you will likely be asked to  submit a Medical Examiner’s Certificate and take a physical exam.  If one  is required, you must obtain it from a physician listed in the  National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners.School BusesSchool bus drivers must have a CDL  if   driving a vehicle designed to transport 16+ people.   School bus drivers must have a school bus endorsement (S) in addition to a passenger endorsement (P) on their CDL.  To obtain  this endorsement, you must pass a knowledge test and a skills test for your class of school bus.